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Appendix A. Estimating Pretax and Posttax Global Energy Subsidies

Appendix A. Estimating Pretax and Posttax Global Energy Subsidies »

Chapter

Source: Energy Subsidy Reform : Lessons and Implications

Series: Books

Author(s): Benedict Clements , David Coady , Stefania Fabrizio , Sanjeev Gupta , Trevor Alleyne , and Carlo Sdralevich

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 13 September 2013

ISBN: 9781475558111

Keywords: prices, electricity, pricing, electricity sector, electricity subsidies

This appendix describes the data sources and methodologies used for the estimation of subsidies for petroleum products, coal, natural gas, and electricity. Pretax Subsidies...

APPENDIX I Incidence Analyses and Income Redistribution

APPENDIX I Incidence Analyses and Income Redistribution »

Chapter

Source: Fund-Supported Programs, Fiscal Policy, and Income Distribution

Series: Occasional Papers

Author(s): International Monetary Fund

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 15 September 1986

ISBN: 9780939934645

Keywords: taxation, expenditure, salaries, subsidies, income distribution

Most studies of the income distributional effects of public policy fall within the category of “incidence analyses” of taxation and expenditure. They either analyze the effects of particular measures or, if...

Chapter 3. Emissions Pricing to Stabilize Global Climate*

Chapter 3. Emissions Pricing to Stabilize Global Climate* »

Chapter

Source: Fiscal Policy to Mitigate Climate Change : A Guide for Policymakers

Series: Books

Author(s): Ruud Mooij , Michael Keen , and Ian Parry

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 10 September 2012

ISBN: 9781616353933

Keywords: Climate policy, co2, forest, forests, subsidies, climate finance

Key Messages for Policymakers Without significant emissions mitigation actions, projected “likely” global atm...

Excerpt : Commodity Price Volatility and Inclusive Growth in Low-Income Countries

Excerpt : Commodity Price Volatility and Inclusive Growth in Low-Income Countries »

Book

Series: Miscellaneous Publication (Other)

Author(s): Min Zhu

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 20 September 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/CPVIEAEX.073

ISBN: CPVIEAEX

Keywords: Agricultural sector, Balance of trade, Central banking, Central banks, Civil society, Commodities, Commodity price shocks, Commodity prices, Consumption, Credit

In the years following the global financial crisis, many low-income countries experienced rapid recovery and strong economic growth. However, many are now facing enormous difficulties because of rapidly rising food...

Senegal : Achieving High and Inclusive Growth While Preserving Fiscal Sustainability

Senegal : Achieving High and Inclusive Growth While Preserving Fiscal Sustainability »

Journal Issue

Volume: 13

Series: Departmental Papers / Policy Papers

Author(s): Alexei Kireyev , and Gaston Mpatswe

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 22 October 2013

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781484379660.087

ISBN: 9781484379660

Keywords: Economic growth, Electric power, Subsidies, Government expenditures, Fiscal sustainability, Senegal, electricity, per, expenditure, electricity subsidies

Senegal's growth has been sluggish in recent years with implications for poverty reduction. Average growth was relatively strong in 1995-2005 and accompanied by a large drop in poverty incidence. Due partly to a se...

Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates

Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates »

Article

Source: Global Fossil Fuel Subsidies Remain Large: An Update Based on Country-Level Estimates

Volume/Issue: 2019/89

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): David Coady , Ian Parry , Nghia-Piotr Le , and Baoping Shang

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 02 May 2019

ISBN: 9781484393178

Keywords: Gasoline prices, Consumer subsidies, Sustainable development, Energy prices, Fossil fuels, energy subsidies, efficient taxation, revenue, environment, deadweight loss

This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices warranted by supply costs, environmental costs, and revenue consi...

Globalization and Corporate Taxation1

Globalization and Corporate Taxation1 »

Article

Source: Globalization and Corporate Taxation

Volume/Issue: 2012/252

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Manmohan Kumar , and Dennis Quinn

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 22 October 2012

ISBN: 9781557754752

Keywords: Corporate tax rates, Strategic behavior, taxation, tax policy, fiscal affairs, Open Economy Macroeconomics, International Relations and International Political Economy: Other, Business Taxes and Subsidies,

This paper analyzes the extent to which the degree of international economic integration, both financial and trade, affects corporate tax rates. It explores this issue in the context of strategic behavior by countr...

How Large Are Global Energy Subsidies?

How Large Are Global Energy Subsidies? »

Article

Source: How Large Are Global Energy Subsidies?

Volume/Issue: 2015/105

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): David Coady , Ian Parry , Louis Sears , and Baoping Shang

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 18 May 2015

ISBN: 9781513532196

Keywords: energy subsidies, efficient taxation, deadweight loss, revenue, subsidies, tax, vehicle, traffic, subsidy, Demand and Supply

This paper provides a comprehensive, updated picture of energy subsidies at the global and regional levels. It focuses on the broad notion of post-tax energy subsidies, which arise when consumer prices are below su...

Proposal to Distribute Remaining Windfall Gold Sales Profits and Strategy to Make the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust Sustainable

Proposal to Distribute Remaining Windfall Gold Sales Profits and Strategy to Make the Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust Sustainable »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2012/082

Series: Policy Papers

Author(s): International Monetary Fund. Finance Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Legal Dept.;International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 17 September 2012

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498339858.007

ISBN: 9781498339858

Keywords: Administered accounts, Executive Board decisions, Gold sales by Fund, Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust, Profits, Resource allocation, Subsidy accounts, Use of Fund resources, Financial statements, Gold sales

This paper revisits the use of the remaining gold sales windfall profits (SDR 1.75 billion). Directors previously considered three main options: using them as part of a strategy to boost the capacity of the PRGT; c...

Fiscal Consolidation in Israel : A Global Fiscal Model Perspective

Fiscal Consolidation in Israel : A Global Fiscal Model Perspective »

Journal Issue

Volume/Issue: 2006/253

Series: IMF Working Papers

Author(s): Natan Epstein , Selim Elekdag , and Marialuz Moreno Badia

Publisher: INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND

Publication Date: 01 November 2006

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451865134.001

ISBN: 9781451865134

Keywords: distortionary taxes, tax cuts, government deficit, Open Economy Macroeconomics, International Policy Coordination and Transmission, Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General, Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: General,

Fiscal consolidation has become an important policy prescription for many emerging market countries (EMCs), particularly for the highly indebted ones. Although prudent fiscal policies tend to reduce vulnerabilities...